Medical Hypotheses
Volume 56, Issue 2 , Pages 129-133 , February 2001

Suppression of tubulin tyrosine ligase activity through reversible phosphorylation: a mechanism for inhibition of α-tubulin tyrosinylation

Received 13 October 1999 ,Accepted 6 January 2000.

References 

    REFERENCES
  1. Brinkley W. Microtubules: a brief historical perspective. J Struct Biol. 1997;118:84–86
  2. Rieder CL, Khodjakov A. Mitosis and checkpoints that control progression through mitosis in vertebrate somatic cells. Prog Cell Cycle Res. 1997;3:301–312
  3. Sheetz MP. Motor and cargo interactions. Eur J Biochem. 1999;262:19–25
  4. Idriss H. Man to trypanosome: the tubulin tyrosination/ detyrosination cycle revisited. Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton. 2000;45:173–184
  5. Barra HS, Arce CA, Argarana CE. Mol Neurobiol. 1988;2:133–153
  6. Ersfeld K, Wehland J, Plessmann U, Dodemont H, Gerke V, Weber K. Characterization of the tubulin-tyrosine ligase. J Cell Biol. 1993;120:725–732
  7. Galperin MY, Koonin EV. A diverse superfamily of enzymes with ATP-dependent carboxylate-amine/thiol ligase activity. Protein Sci. 1997;6:2639–2643
  8. Dideberg O, Bertrand J. Tubulin tyrosine ligase: a shared fold with the glutathione synthetase ADP-forming family. Trends Biochem Sci. 1998;23:57–58
  9. MacRae TH. Tubulin post-translational modifications — enzymes and their mechanisms of action. Eur J Biochem. 1997;244:265–278
  10. Robinson JM, Vandre DD. Stimulus-dependent alterations in macrophage microtubules: increased tubulin polymerization and detyrosination. J Cell Sci. 1995;108:645–655
  11. Lopez RA, Arce CA, Barra HS. Effect of polyanions and polycations on detyrosination of tubulin and microtubules at steady state. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1990;1039:209–217
  12. Webster DR, Oxford MG. Regulation of cytoplasmic tubulin carboxypeptidase activity in vitro by cations and sulfhydryl-modifying compounds. J Cell Biochem. 1996;60:424–436
  13. Sironi JJ, Barra HS, Arce CA. The association of tubulin carboxypeptidase activity with microtubules in brain extracts is modulated by phosphorylation/dephosphorylation processes. Mol Cell Biochem. 1997;170:9–16
  14. Wehland J, Weber K. Tubulin-tyrosine ligase has a binding site on beta-tubulin: a two-domain structure of the enzyme. J Cell Biol. 1987;104:1059–1067
  15. Luduena RF. Multiple forms of tubulin: different gene products and covalent modifications. Int Rev Cytol. 1998;178:207–275
  16. Gundersen GG, Cook TA. Microtubules and signal transduction. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 1999;11:81–94
  17. Gottesman MM. Biochemistry of multidrug resistance mediated by the multidrug transporter. Annu Rev Biochem. 1993;62:385–427
  18. Lafanechere L, Courtay-Cahen C, Kawakami T. Suppression of tubulin tyrosine ligase during tumor growth. J Cell Sci. 1998;111:171–181
  19. Eiserich JP, Estevez AG, Bamberg TV. Microtubule dysfunction by posttranslational nitrotyrosination of alpha-tubulin: a nitric oxide-dependent mechanism of cellular injury. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1999;96:6365–6370
  20. Ahn B, Han BS, Kim DJ, Ohshima H. Immunohistochemical localization of inducible nitric oxide synthase and 3-nitrotyrosine in rat liver tumors induced by N- nitrosodiethy- lamine. Carcinogenesis. 1999;20:1337–1344
  21. Goto T, Haruma K, Kitadai Y. Enhanced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and nitrotyrosine in gastric mucosa of gastric cancer patients. Clin Cancer Res. 1999;5:1411–1415
  22. Kojima M, Morisaki T, Tsukahara Y. Nitric oxide synthase expression and nitric oxide production in human colon carcinoma tissue. J Surg Oncol. 1999;70:222–229
  23. Abbas AK. Die and let live: eliminating dangerous lymphocytes. Cell. 1996;84:655–657

PII: S0306-9877(00)91081-8

doi: 10.1054/mehy.2000.1081

Medical Hypotheses
Volume 56, Issue 2 , Pages 129-133 , February 2001

Article Tools