Medical Hypotheses
Volume 59, Issue 4 , Pages 385-388 , October 2002

Evidence that failure to conceive despite apparent correction of ovulatory defects by follicle-maturing drugs may be related to premature trophoblast invasion

  • J.H Check

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationCorrespondence to: Jerome H. Check MD, PhD, 7447 Old York Road, Melrose Park, PA 19027, USA. Phone: 215-635-4400; Fax: 215-635-2304
    • ,
  • M.L Check

Received 8 May 2001 ,Accepted 1 November 2001.

References 

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  2. Jones GS, Poumand K. An evaluation of etiologic factors and therapy in 555 private patients with primary infertility. Fertil. Steril. 1962;13:398
  3. Check JH, Chase JS, Wu CH, Adelson HG, Teichman M, Rankin A. The efficacy of progesterone in achieving successful pregnancy: I. Prophylactic use during luteal phase in anovulatory women. Int. J. Fertil. 1987;32:135–138
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  7. Temmerman M, Devroey P, Naaktgeboren N, et al.  Incidence, recurrence and treatment of the luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome. Acta Eur. Fertil. 1984;15:179
  8. Check JH, Chase JS, Adelson HG, Dietterich C. New approaches to the diagnosis and therapy of the luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome. Int. J. Fertil. 1986;30:29
  9. Check JH, Dietterich C, Nowroozi K, Wu CH. Comparison of various therapies for the luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome. Int. J. Fertil. 1992;37:33–40
  10. Check JH, Adelson HG, Dietterich C, Stern J. Pelvic sonography can predict ovum release in gonadotrophin-treated patients as determined by pregnancy rate. Hum. Reprod. 1990;5:234–236
  11. Check JH, Nazari A, Barnea ER, Weiss W, Vetter BH. The efficacy of short-term gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonists versus human chorionic gonadotrophin to enable oocyte release in gonadotrophin stimulated cycles. Hum. Reprod. 1993;8:568–571
  12. Zimmerman R, Buhnet HW, Weise HC, Leidenberger FR. Preliminary report about a modified gonadotropin (human menopausal gonadotropin/human chorionic gonadotropin). Treatment in infertile patients with premature luteinization. Fertil. Steril. 1984;41:714–718
  13. Fleming R, Haxton MJ, Hamilton MP, et al.  Successful treatment of infertile women with oligomenorrhea using a combination of LHRH agonist and exogenous gonadotrophins. Br. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. 1985;92:369–373
  14. Fleming R, Courts JR. Induction of multiple follicular growth in normally menstruating women with endogenous gonadotropin suppression. Fertil. Steril. 1986;45:226–230
  15. Check JH, Chase JS, Nowroozi K, Dietterich CJ. Premature luteinization: treatment and incidence in natural cycles. Hum. Reprod. 1991;6:190–193
  16. Van Campenhout J, Simard R, Leduc B. Antiestrogenic effect of clomiphene in the human being. Fertil. Steril. 1968;19:700–706
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  18. Hammond MG, Halme JK, Talbert L. Factors affecting the pregnancy rate in clomiphene citrate induction of ovulation. Obstet. Gynecol. 1983;62:196–202
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  20. Check JH, Adelson HG, Davies E. Effect of clomiphene citrate therapy on postcoital tests in successive treatment cycles including response to supplemental estrogen therapy. Arch. Androl. 1994;32:69–76
  21. Check JH, Choe JK, Nazari A, Summers-Chase D. Ovarian hyperstimulation can reduce uterine receptivity. A case report. Clin. Exp. Obst. Gyn. 2000;27:89–91
  22. Paulson RJ, Sauer MV, Lobo RA. Embryo implantation after human in vitro fertilization: importance of endometrial receptivity. Fertil. Steril. 1990;53:870–874
  23. Simon C, Cano F, Valbuena D, Remohi J, Pellicer A. Clinical evidence for a detrimental effect on uterine receptivity of high serum oestradiol concentrations in high and normal responder patients. Hum. Reprod. 1995;10:2432–2437
  24. Check JH, O'Shaughnessy A, Lurie D, Fisher C, Adelson HG. Evaluation of the mechanism for higher pregnancy rates in donor oocyte recipients by comparison of fresh with frozen embryo transfer pregnancy rates in a shared oocyte programme. Hum. Reprod. 1995;10:3022–3027
  25. Check JH, Choe JK, Katsoff D, Summers-Chase D, Wilson C. Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation adversely affect implantation following in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer. J. Assist. Reprod. Genet. 1999;16:416–420
  26. Check JH, Katsoff D, Brittingham D, Summers-Chase D, Wilson C. Comparable implantation rates with fresh vs frozen embryo transfer suggests that controlled ovarian hyperstimulation has an adverse effect on conception outcome. Clin. Exp. Obst. Gyn. 2000;27:173–175
  27. Check JH, Check ML. A case report demonstrating that follicle maturing drugs may create an adverse uterine environment even when not used for controlled ovarian hyperstimulation. Clin Exp Obst Gyn (in press)
  28. Check JH, Nowroozi K, Wu CH, Adelson HG, Lauer C. Ovulation-inducing drugs versus progesterone therapy for infertility in patients with luteal phase defects. Int. J. Fertil. 1988;33:252–256
  29. Check JH, Nazari P, Szekeres-Bartho J, Choe JK, Lee G, Duroseau M. The adverse effect of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) on subsequent conception may be associated with the detection of a progesterone induced immunomodulatory protein shortly after embryo transfer (ET). 56th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine; October 21–26, 2000. San Diego, CA. Fertil. Steril. 2000;74(3S):S254; [abstract #P-505]
  30. Szekeres-Bartho J, Kilar F, Falkay G, et al.  The mechanism of the inhibitory effect of progesterone on lymphocyte cytotoxicity: I. Progesterone-treated lymphocytes release a substance inhibiting cytotoxicity and prostaglandin synthesis. Am. J. Reprod. Immunol. Microbiol. 1985;9:15–18
  31. Szekeres-Bartho J, Barakonyi A, Polgar B, et al.  The role of gamma/delta T cells in progesterone-mediated immunomodulation during pregnancy: a review. Am. J. Reprod. Immunol. 1999;42:44–48
  32. Szekeres-Bartho J, Weill BJ, Mike G, et al.  Progesterone receptors in lymphocytes of liver-transplanted and transfused patients. Immunol. Lett. 1989;22:259–261
  33. Szekeres-Bartho J, Szekeres G, Debre P, et al.  Reactivity of lymphocytes to a progesterone receptor-specific monoclonal antibody. Cell Immunol. 1990;125:273–283
  34. Check JH, Szekeres-Bartho J, O'Shaughnessy A. Progesterone induced blocking factor seen in pregnancy lymphocytes soon after implantation. Am. J. Reprod. Immunol. 1996;35:277–280

PII: S0306-9877(02)00126-3

Medical Hypotheses
Volume 59, Issue 4 , Pages 385-388 , October 2002

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