An elevation of triglycerides reflecting decreased triglyceride clearance may not be pathogenic – relevance to high-carbohydrate diets
Section snippets
Carbohydrate-induced hypertriglyceridemia – a genuine risk?
Adoption of a high-carbohydrate diet – especially a diet high in sugars and high-glycemic-index starches – often leads to an elevation of fasting triglyceride level, typically associated with a decrease in HDL cholesterol and, in many individuals, a reduction in LDL particle size [1], [2]. This fact has led to much “revisionist” commentary questioning the appropriateness of carbohydrate-rich diets from the standpoint of their impact on vascular health [3], [4], [5], [6]. It is demonstrably true
The impact of LDL and HDL size
The above considerations suggest that, even if carbohydrate-induced hypertriglyceridemia is not totally benign from the standpoint of vascular risk, the attendent risk is likely to be trivial compared to that associated with insulin resistance syndrome. However, what about the impact of elevated triglycerides on the size of LDL and HDL particles? Transfer of cholesterol esters from these lipoproteins to VLDL or chylomicrons, catalyzed by cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP), reduces the
Clinical experience with fibrate therapy
An overview of controlled clinical trials with fibrate drugs is reasonably consistent with this interpretation. These drugs can increase the rate of triglyceride clearance by inducing LPL while suppressing hepatic production of apolipoprotein C-III, a physiological LPL inhibitor; they thus tend to lower serum triglycerides while boosting LDL particle size and HDL cholesterol [67]. The latter increase also reflects up-regulation of hepatic production of apoA-I [68]; another potentially
High-carbohydrate diets decrease HDL particle number
Which brings us to the one clear drawback of high-carbohydrate diets – whether or not they raise triglycerides, they usually induce reductions in HDL cholesterol and apoAI [40], [41]. This reflects the fact that saturated fat, by a mechanism that remains to be defined, increases the translatability of apoA-I mRNA in hepatocytes – thereby increasing hepatic secretion of apo-Al [74], [75]. The results of clinical feeding studies suggest that oleic acid shares this property, albeit to a lesser
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Combined effects of saturated fat and cholesterol intakes on serum lipids: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study
2009, NutritionCitation Excerpt :Some experimental studies have shown no relation between plasma triacylglycerols and dietary fat intake [22]. The recommendations for energy and SFA intakes in therapeutic diets are different, although no positive or negative relations between percentage of fat intake and serum lipid have been observed [22–24]. Different factors that increase serum triacylglycerol levels include diet (high fat and refined carbohydrate), estrogens, alcohol, obesity, untreated diabetes, untreated hypothyroidism, chronic renal disease, and hepatic disease [25].
Hypoglycemic and hypolipemic effects of Β-glucan derived fromaure obasidiumin stz-induced diabetic rats
2018, Journal of Animal and Plant SciencesHypertriglyceridemia is a practical biomarker of metabolic syndrome in individuals with abdominal obesity
2013, Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders